Heart Failure

Deliver a Continuum of Care from Hospital to Home

with Digital Vascular Biomarkers

Fast Fact

# 1 

#1 cause of hospitalizations in the Medicare population.1

Interconnection Between Heart Failure and Arterial Stiffening

  • Anastasio F, Testa M, Ferreri C, Rossi A, Ruocco G, Feola M.

    An abnormal increase in large arterial stiffness increases the workload on the heart and deteriorates ventricular compliance and ventricular–arterial coupling, leading to the progression of cardiac dysfunction.

    Anastasio F, Testa M, Ferreri C, Rossi A, Ruocco G, Feola M.
    Journal of Clinical Medicine
  • Ali D, Tran P, Ennis S, et al.

    PWV‐based arterial stiffness was found to be independently associated with the degree of LV hypertrophy (LVH), diastolic dysfunction, and NT‐proBNP irrespective of BP, BMI, and renal function.

    Ali D, Tran P, Ennis S, et al.
    ESC Heart Failure
  • ElGuindy A, Yacoub MH.

    LV diastolic dysfunction – namely impaired myocardial relaxation and increased stiffness – is the hallmark of HFpEF.

    ElGuindy A, Yacoub MH.
    Global Cardiology Science & Practice

Heart Failure and Arterial Stiffness

Arterial stiffness increases the workload on the heart by elevating central blood pressure and pulse pressure, contributing to the progression of heart failure. This increased hemodynamic load exacerbates the heart's inability to pump effectively, leading to further deterioration of cardiac function. Conversely, heart failure can accelerate arterial stiffness due to chronic inflammation, neurohormonal activation, and structural changes in the vasculature.
Research Highlights

Home-Centered Heart Failure Management

Vascular biomarkers, particularly central blood pressure (cBP), provide critical insights into arterial stiffness and wave reflections, offering a more accurate measure of the pressure experienced by the heart and central arteries compared to peripheral blood pressure. Regularly monitoring cBP enables clinicians to detect early signs of worsening heart failure and make timely adjustments to treatment plans.

Additionally, cBP measurements support a comprehensive approach to managing heart failure. The integration of remote cBP monitoring within a "hospital at home" model allows patients to receive hospital-level care and track their condition at home, promoting adherence to treatment and reducing hospital readmissions.

Read the whitepaper

Utility of Vascular Biomarkers in Heart Failure Management

  • Anastasio F, Testa M, Ferreri C, Rossi A, Ruocco G, Feola M.

    The non-invasive measurements of arterial stiffness proved to be strong prognostic parameters in HF patients discharged after an acute HF decompensation.

    Anastasio F, Testa M, Ferreri C, Rossi A, Ruocco G, Feola M.
    Journal of Clinical Medicine
  • Wohlfahrt P, Melenovsky V, Redfield MM, et al.

    Increased aortic pressure wave pulsatility and greater decrease in pulsatility on treatment are associated with functional improvement in patients with HFrEF receiving aggressive vasodilator titration. These differences are not identifiable using brachial cuff pressures. Central aortic waveform analysis may enable better individualization of vasoactive therapies in chronic HFrEF.

    Wohlfahrt P, Melenovsky V, Redfield MM, et al.
    Cirulation: Heart Failure
  • Ali D, Tran P, Ennis S, et al.

    Reflecting a pulsatile arterial afterload associated with diastolic dysfunction and exercise capacity, PWV may provide a clinically relevant tool to identify at‐risk intermediate phenotypes (e.g. pre‐HFpEF) before overt HFpEF occurs.

    Ali D, Tran P, Ennis S, et al.
    ESC Heart Failure

Incorporate Vascular Biomarkers into Heart Failure Management

Download Reimbursement Guide

In-Clinic

  • Provide a thorough evaluation of the patient's cardiovascular health to enable precise risk stratification and individualized heart failure management.
  • Establish a protocol for consistent follow-up appointments and re-assessment to adjust heart failure treatment plans as the patient's vascular status changes.
  • Reimbursable with CPT 93050.

At Home

  • Conduct regular measurements to continuously monitor and manage from home, providing real-time data to inform treatment adjustments.
  • Utilize telemedicine to facilitate continuous interaction between patients and providers, ensuring personalized and responsive heart failure care.
  • Reimbursable with CPT 9945x & 99091.

1 Heart Failure Society of America